Particle flow systems and gravity

When creating the necron destroyers I was very eager to get smoke coming out of the exhausts, I did some searching on u tube and read about particle flow systems.

Particle flow systems are precreated systems that dissipate particles in various forms and settings you can have particles shot out of a hose or moving within a box or faling down to the grond like rain and snow.

These systems generate and  move a large number of very small objects which rendered under the right setting can be made to look like smoke,water,snow, toxic fumes and etc.

As I mentioned they come predesigned  and with many good presets. For my need of toxic fumes I found that the bubles preset worked better than the smoke setting. You have great control over these paricle flow systems, you can set the speed,distance,volume,angle, size and duration that the particles travel. you can also set the start and end time within the scene. I found that the most important part of particle systems is to create a good material for its use, if you dont it will look like a bad computer effect.

Once I got the affect desired I cloned it for the other exhausts.
 But I wanted more, I wanted the smoke to shoot out of the exhaust ant then drop due to gravity before it desolves.
For this I used a gravity space warp. A gravity space wark is created like a camera, so it is wise to make the gravity space warp in top view so that it points towards the bottom. 
One gravity space warp can be linked to many particle flow systems,  or we can have multiple gravity space to set diffrent directions.
I also think if you have 2 objects and change their physics the heavier in matter object will fall faster, but I have not looked in to that yet.
I selected the space warp link and draged from the particle system to the gravity  pointer.
Now when I played the animation the particles were moving too fast down. So I  selected the  gravity space warp then editor and reduced its strength to get my desired effect.

Conclusion

Effects such as fumes, snow, smoke or water can be achieved  with the particle flow generators. They have many usefull presets and many settings and they can also be changed in the timeline animation. Other ways for achieving these effects would be  after effects but thats seems more tiresome. Finaly a 3rd party plug in for 3ds max; fumes fx is a very popular and effective tool that seems to give you even more control over the shape of the smoke or fire.

The gravity space warp will be usefull in my project for the fumes and in the future when animating motion of chains items droping  like the screws from the dreadnought.

Working with materials.

In this post I will discuss how I made my textures.

The first texture was the Glowing green light that is used on the necrons.
I had a good look for glowing effects on you tube.

The following link shows 3 methods to achieve the glowing effect.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4QAHIYCYB3o&feature=related


I chose the last one used in the video.

In the material editor I select a new material and set it to architectural and add the limnosity. and select my green colour.This makes the object illuminate light. To create the glow effect (making the black around my area go greenish) I clicked on render set up and on the output lence I added the glare. and draged it to the material editor.
The glare was too much so I reduced it.

I also created the crome from watching this video:  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0ULDU2ULS1g

I select an empty material and set glossiness to 40 and set diffuse colour to dark grey.
The Raytrace is set  to 80 and then selected and Raytrace is chosen.

Also when looking for tutorials to create chains to use in my enviroment i stumbled across this tutorial which showed me a smart way making my metal to look rough with the use of selecting a bump map and applying dent to it. I have not used it yet but i intend to on my enviroment and maybe on my dreadnought.

Finaly the most complex material i made was for the smoke coming out of the exhaust's.
I took guide from this video (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K3regJHtfBU&feature=related)

again starting from standard the glossiness is set to 0 which makes sence, and then for the oppasity a gradient is used.
I set  colour #1 as black and colour #2 a very dark grey, colour #3 is set to a smoke modifier.

Conclusion
The material editor is a very powerful tool. Materials can be given great complexity as you can apply diffrent materials inside your material. For the smoke for example a gradiant was used for is diffuse colour and that gradiant in turn had a smoke effect within it.
The rusty chain had inside it a bump map that used the dent material.
I have understood the basics and how it works but I am still unaware of all it abilities and potential, something that will only come with practice.

Story board up to date.

Before I hand in the first part of the assignement I recreated the story board using my models to get a feeling of the camera view. I choose the view to be coloured pencil cause most storyboard start out as pensil scetches.

Layers In 3ds max.

During practical 3 Steve showed us the use of layers.
 The three weeks before that even with my non complex shapes I had made great use of freeze and hide.
the selecting the parts to freeze or to hide could some times be tidius and i also found groups not very help full because you need to break the group down to edit a component and then there is no way of automaticly regrouping if I am not mistaken. Then came layers.

Layers are a very usefull tool helping you keep your workspace neet and tidy and speeding up you projects and giving you clear managment of you components.

Here is a picture of my Necron destroyer and the Layers. Maybe in the animation prosess I will decide I need to break them down into more layers that is also easy. 

Now I can freeze and hide in logical groups.

I create a Layer for the body, the torso, each hand, head and staff.
I also created layers for:

• The Light and Floor (for display and rendering purposes only)
• My gravity controler.
• My Rotation Camera and Camera path.
• My smoke partcle system.

My final animation will have 1 necron lord, 3 destroyers, wrecked dreadnaught and the enviroment, up till now layers were good practice in the final scene with all of the above combined it will becaume a nesesity.


A few things to have in mind with layers.

• When you create a new object 3d max add the object to the active layer (marked with a tick).
• You can easily move it to another layer if you change your mind by selecting the objects you want to move, select the layer you want them to move into as active and then press the "+" symbol on the layer managment window.
• You can select to hide a object with in a layer individualy, if you do remember to turn it visible again before you move or scale the components in the layer because the object will be unafected if you don't.
• If you are creating shapes that dont show up on screen check your active layer is not set to hide.

Creating the Necron Head.

 Probably the hardest part in any humanoid model is the head. Many points and curves and the major focus point on a model. Initialy I thought of making a spline shape of the head and then use bevel profile on it.
I was not happy with the outcome.

My next step was to do some research on u tube, how do profesionals make their character heads?


I found 3 methods.

The first is to create a plane and upload a front and side image of your head then using planes to create the areas around the mouth and eyes  and the attach and weld the planes and expand.

You Can see the complete video at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pD6AlOPzSro

The second method is by creating a box and split polygons and move vertexes.

(The link of the video I had does not work now)

And the third method was using A program like z brush and virtualy sculpt the head.


So I tryed the second approch; I created a sphere resized it and the converted to an editable poly.
After that there was alot of vertex adjusting as you can see in the pictures bellow.

 At one point onwards  I started to work on only one side.

 When i was happy with the result I removed the unworked half then cloned/ mirror/attach /weld

 Then I used boolean for the mouth slot and "teeth"

 For the nose I drew a spline then shell, rotate and allign it to the middle.

 Not happy with the cheeks, I edited them a bit more.
WEhen the model was ready added the shell modifier.

 When I placed the eyes it felt very hollow.
So I cloned the head, kept the section around the eyes and smade it smaller and moved a bit back, this created depth to the eye socket.

 Appling the crome effect and glow material to the eyes.

This was probably the most chalenging part of tyhe model. In the future I will attempt to create a head with the use of planes.

3 Models finished.

After 6 weeks of learng and work, my 3 models are complete.

My 3 models are:
The Dreadnaught

The Necron Lord

The Necron Destroyer

The last two have their two textures applied. Crome and glowing green. The Dreadnaught still needs some textures,
It will be my next step after I catch up with my write ups. Model-wise I still need to build the enviroment.

The necrons will Rise

The model is almost finish, but i could not resist and started playing with materials, so tempting.

Necron body update.

After yesterdays tutorial this is the stage the necron is up to. Tommorow I will tackle the face.

The Necron is unhappy he gave me two thumbs down!

Creating the body of the necron.

 To create the thrusters I made a box into a poly, scaled one side smaller, then in polygon mode the outer side was outlined and then extracted inwards. The lip was made with a 2d shape, then shell,then united to the box, and the top part a united modified box.

 The major middle spine was a cylinder streached. I extruded one side then move some polygons in the top. Then I selected polygons in the right and left siee and extruded again.

Finaly I moved cloned with 2 steps.

 For the hip I created a circle and attacked it with multiple boolean substrations (box,sphere and capsule were used.)Then I modified it with shell.

 Then the lower spine was made and edited with gaps and extrusions, then cloned in 4 steps and rotated, I moved and rotated to get them in shape so the first one entering the hip and the fourth one exiting have a 90 degree diference. Then to join them I used multiple hoses ,and atached them to the disks.

 I then created 4 smaller vertions of the spine that conects the hip to the torso. I used one hose for them selecting the highest and lowest spine.

 Finaly the torso was made with a champher box, I scaled in the front and back. added a small amount of the sperise modifier and then converted to poly pulling the waiste from left and right inwards and finaly selecting the center polygons I  raised moved the top front (chest) slightly outwards.

I then used Boolean to cut sections

I also added air vents again by cutting cylinders in the torso.

Major Update 3- techniques I have learned.

Adding blueprints to assist your modeling.

I tryied the technique showed in the lecture creating 3 planes and alinging them and giving them textures.

 I must say even though I have seen it used in u tube also I did not like it. You have to set the dimentions of you plains acordingly, then import the material then add the texture then apply it make it 2 sided etc.

 I already used vieport pane and found it much easier and secure. Right click on the wireframe or whatever mode you are in.  Select the set viewport. Import the image set as bitmap and set it unlocked. for the next two I do the same but keep it locked with zoom. I then create a box  accurate in the blue print in view 1. I then zoom the other viewports until the box fits their dimentions then i go back to  set vieport and untick the lock.

 Creating the base of the necron destroyer- Bevel Profile.
To create the base of the necron destroyer I drew the base of it in 2d on top view. then on front view I creatied a line indicating the curve of the necro body. Then i selected the modifier bevel profile and selected the line as my guide. after some twicking with my guide line the object below was created

 Then with boolean I cut out 2 boxes and a cylinder from my shape.

 I then duplicated the shape moved the clone below it and substracted it leaving only a shell.

 I then converted to poly and deleted half the body to focus on one side. I then selected some polygons on the edge moved and extracted them to get the raised part.

 

 Then I created a capsule and rotated it, moved it and cloned it with 5 steps and then cut them out of the body with boolean to create the air vents in the body.

Major Update 2- techniques I have learned.

Creating the shoulder.
Because the shoulder has a curve  I design it in 2d with line.

Then in front view I move the two top vertexes, then with bezier corner I give them a curve.

I then go back to left view and extrude the 2d shape into 3d, Then i plase a box next to it and cut it with boolean. to get the desired shape. Then I add some more boxes and I substract them from the shoulder.


Pivot point
I also had a play around with pivot points. It seems when you group, attach or unite with boolean 2 shapes the pivot point goes somewhere between them. This is not always the desireble effect. In the image bellow I have grouped a cylinder (that rotates which raises or lowers the arm from the shoulder) with 3 cylinders which act as hydralics. I was not sure the angle I wanted the hydralics so I aligned the hydralics to the bottom of the rotatying cylinder. When I grouped and tried to rotate the hydralics did not spin around the cylinder.
So I went to the hierarchy and selected pivot only and then selected to aling to the cylinder, then unselect pivot only. Now the whole mechanism spins around the cylinder.

I do not know if it is needed but I also changed the pivot point for the claws setting it to the base of the claw, so now it i rotate the claw i gices the impresion of opening and closing.